All of the above. WWI combatants used cotton pads dipped into a solution, protective mask and urine drenched cloth to safeguard from chemical warfare.The first major poison gas attack in WW1 took place on 22nd April 1915, when the Germans released 150 tons of chlorine gas near Ypres.
Explanation:
Chlorine gas attack by the German soldiers resulted in the death of thousand french soldiers. Men who had the knowledge of chemistry acknowledged it to be the chlorine gas from its unique smell and they knew the simple solutions which counter effected the poisonous gas. They dipped the cloth in the simple solutions that were available in the trenches and that seemed to neutralize the gas effect.
But it did not prove to be efficacious as the chlorine gas was released in a concentrated manner which proved to be fatal for the french soldiers. Chemicals like sodium bicarbonate and sodium hyposulphate which were used in photography were also used but there was no lasting effect. Finally, The Canadian flank came up with a remarkable observation stating that urine soaked cloth masks were effective in combating the concentrated chlorine gas.
With the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 and the end of World War I (WWI) the previous year, Germany was not only held almost entirely responsible for the war, but the country was required to pay reparations for the damages in Europe. The treaty also required that Germany hand over quite a bit of land and territory to surrounding countries. German citizens were angry, became desperate for relief and were disillusioned of the promises that the current government was trying to sell them. An alternative was needed, and it came in the form of fascism.
Your answer is D hope this helps
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