The point of view it will be written in (first, second, or third person), the story line (what the piece will be about), and weather it will be nonfiction or fiction (will you provide facts, dates, etc. or thoughts and opinions.)
The author converts joy in the excerpt by using irony in the situation of it being so hot they have to fan themselves then, ironically they start singing a song titled heatwave
For what are you asking about