Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (0.9%), and the remaining 0.1% consists of traces of neon, krypton xenon, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and traces of others. so Nitrogen is the greatest. I hope this helps :)
Well longitude and latitude is what I think you are talking about. Longitude goes up/down and latitude goes across.
Fundamental principle is the answer to the question
