The correct answer is:
B. Relocation to suburbs.
Relocation to suburbs has been a constant of urban life since the early 1900s.

The First Europeans. The first Europeans to arrive in North America -- at least the first for whom there is solid evidence -- were Norse, traveling west from Greenland, where Erik the Red had founded a settlement around the year 985.
Julien de Lallande Poydras Credentials