The answer would have to be A.
The humanist scholarship encouraged oceanic exploration as due to the large-scale printing of books, people started gaining knowledge and setting out on oceanic expeditions in order to find new trade routes and satisfy their spirit of adventure.
The factors which motivated the Portuguese, particularly Prince Henry the Navigator, to explore west Africa were to extract and export gold and other valuables from which Portugal could benefit. The other reason was that Prince Henry was fascinated about west Africa as the Portuguese had little knowledge about it.
With the development of the printing press, books were available more easily and were even cheaper. This help in the widespread of new ideas and thoughts in society. People built sturdier ships with this knowledge and set out to explore new oceanic routes to procure spices and other goods at cheaper prices from different parts of the world.
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Political system of collective ownership of property; population is of one class.
Communist Manifesto
Book by Marx urging workers to overthrow upper classes; textbook for communism and socialism.
Dissenter
One who disagrees or has a difference of opinion
Free Enterprise System
Political system in which the government allows citizens to own private businesses for profit.
Humanistic
Secular rather than godly; promoted during the Renaissance; putting more emphasis on mans will.
Of Reformation in England
John Milton's writing on the preference of a commonwealth over a monarchy.
Principles
A basic rule of standard.
Renaissance
A revival of art and learing arising between the 14th and 16th centuries.
thanz
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The Danube river.
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