In Chapter 2 we discussed how to summarize data using different methods and to display data using
graphs. Graphs are one important component of statistics; however it is also important to numerically
describe the main characteristics of a data set. The numerical summary measures, such as the ones
that identify the center and spread of a distribution, identify many important features of a distribution.
For example, the techniques learned in Chapter 2 can help us graph data on family incomes.
However, if we want to know the income of a “typical” family (given by the center of the distribution),
the spread of the distribution of incomes, or the relative position of a family with a particular income,
the numerical summary measures can provide more detailed information (see Figure 3.1). The
measures that we discuss in this chapter include measures of (1) central tendency, (2) dispersion
(or spread), and (3) position.
Answer:
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