Answer:
one should point to the outcomes of the conclusion. one should have reasons in place that demonstrate the premise is not sufficiently likely to be true. one should attack premises that are not important to the argument. one should point out the failings of its author.
When there is a fire, ashes are produced.
Answer:
Indirect characterization.
Explanation:
In the sentence, the author does not directly tell you something about the character (ie. List a certain quality about them). Instead, they allow you to draw your own conclusion by describing the character's actions.
Answer:
Explanation:
I think the correct one is option a.