Answer:
We conclude that answering questions while studying produces smaller or equal exam scores.
Step-by-step explanation:
We are given that an instructor in a large psychology class gave one group of students questions to be answered while studying for the final exam.
The overall average for the exam was μ = 73.4, but the n = 16 students who answered questions had a mean of M = 78.3 with a standard deviation of s = 8.4.
Let = <u><em>overall average for the exam.</em></u>
So, Null Hypothesis, : 73.4 {means that answering questions while studying produce smaller or equal exam scores}
Alternate Hypothesis, : > 73.4 {means that answering questions while studying produce significantly higher exam scores}
The test statistics that would be used here <u>One-sample t-test statistics</u> as we don't know about population standard deviation;
T.S. = ~
where, = sample mean score = 78.3
s = sample standard deviation = 8.4
n = sample of students = 16
So, <u><em>the test statistics</em></u> = ~
= 2.33
The value of t-test statistic is 2.333.
<u>Now at the 0.01 significance level, the t table gives a critical value of 2.602 at 15 degrees of freedom for the right-tailed test.</u>
Since our test statistic is less than the critical value of t as 2.333 < 2.602, so we have insufficient evidence to reject our null hypothesis as it will not fall in the rejection region due to which <em><u>we fail to reject our null hypothesis</u></em>.
Therefore, we conclude that answering questions while studying produces smaller or equal exam scores.