B. It was a harbor city on a trade route guarded by water
The best way on how to answer this would be through eliminating the wrong answers. B and C are definitely wrong because Neither did Lionheart unite Europe under one government so neither of them fought against christianity but in fact both fought for it in a sense. The most completely correct answer would be D because while Lionheart's military campaign ended in a treaty, Charlemagne was completely victorious.
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John Smith did, but so did William Bradford.
I really hope this helps!