The answer is (a) hieroglyphs
It would be "psychology" and "philosophy" and "psychology" that have Greek origins, although it should be noted that several sub-disciplines of these forms have other origins.
Athens was ruled by a king
The French Revolution happened almost immediately after the American Revolution. The people of France (well, I should say, the commoners of France), had been oppressed by an aloof monarch for so long. Seeing the successful revolution in America, France wanted freedom for themselves and rose up against the monarchy. (Unfortunately, the French Revolution was MUCH bloodier than the Americans one, with a lot more beheadings).