Both Shang and Zhou governments were feudal states, meaning that there was a ruling dynasty which controlled the whole country, and then other classes which were below it, ending with peasants.
In Shang, women could rule. Zhou created their own currency.
Answer;
Life is short, nasty, and "brutish".
This was not a belief of Voltaire.
Explanation;
Voltaire did not believe in any single religion, and also he never believe that one was needed to believe in God.
He was very much interested in the natural was that were underlying in all religions. Like most of Enlightenment thinkers, Voltaire considered himself a deist.
It would be the colonists
On June 12, 1812, the United States declared war on Great as a result of numerous disputes between the two countries. Hope this helps
In the Hindu Society your karma would determine your reincarnation