I think it's A but here's an explanation anyway: as you heat the crude oil, the different hydrocarbons, having different boiling points, boil and evaporate up the column. Those with lower boiling points, shorter in chain length, will condense nearer the top of the fractional distillation column. Those that are more viscous, larger in chain size, will have high boiling points, so will evaporate last and condense lower down in the column. Therefore, you achieve all the different oils / materials (oil, petrol, gasoline, tar etc etc). I hope this helps. If not, then a good website to use is 'BBC bitesize, fractional distillation'.
B) India has an especially high overall population. It's right after China when it comes to population, and it has over a billion people. Using a little math, even if you have a large Muslim population but over a billion people in your country, the percent of Indian Muslims will be small.
Higher specific heat -Land
Lower specific heat - Water
Heats up faster - Land
Heats up slower - Water
Cools down faster - Land
Cools down slower - Water
The land is heating up faster, and also reaches higher temperatures than the water, but it also cools down much quicker, and reaches much lower temperatures than the water.
Mexico has the greatest number of diversity of animals and plants. That's why its an megadiverse country.
