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Cycads /ˈsaɪkædz/ are seed plants that typically have a stout and woody (ligneous) trunk with a crown of large, hard, stiff, evergreen and (usually) pinnate leaves. The species are dioecious, therefore the individual plants of a species are either male or female. Cycads vary in size from having trunks only a few centimeters to several meters tall. They typically grow very slowly[3] and live very long, with some specimens known to be as much as 1,000 years old.[citation needed] Because of their superficial resemblance, they are sometimes mistaken for palms or ferns, but they are not closely related to either group.
Cycads are gymnosperms (naked seeded), meaning their unfertilized seeds are open to the air to be directly fertilized by pollination, as contrasted with angiosperms, which have enclosed seeds with more complex fertilization arrangements. Cycads have very specialized pollinators, usually a specific species of beetle. Both male and female cycads bear cones (strobili), somewhat similar to conifer cones.
Cycads have been reported to fix nitrogen in association with various cyanobacteria living in the roots (the "coralloid" roots).[4] These photosynthetic bacteria produce a neurotoxin called BMAA that is found in the seeds of cycads. This neurotoxin may enter a human food chain as the cycad seeds may be eaten directly as a source of flour by humans or by wild or feral animals such as bats, and humans may eat these animals. It is hypothesized that this is a source of some neurological diseases in humans.[5][6]
Cycads all over the world are in decline, with four species on the brink of extinction and seven species having fewer than 100 plants left in the wild.[7] The plant has a very long fossil history, with evidence that they existed in greater abundance and in greater diversity before the Jurassic and late Triassic mass extinction events.
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Answer: The correct option is C) It produces ATP.
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using CO₂ and H₂O in the presence of sunlight. It is primarily divided into light reaction and dark reaction.
The light reaction takes place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. In this reaction, energy from sunlight is captured by the chlorophyll pigment via a series of chemical reactions. This results in the formation of two high energy chemical compounds, which are ATP and NADPH.
These compounds are further used in the dark reaction for the synthesis of food ( which is glucose).
Thus, it produces ATP is true for the light reaction of photosynthesis.
<span>The question says,'decomposition of plants and animal matter present in the soil is largely due to soil micro organism. The statement is true. The soil microbes function by decomposing the organic matter in the soil to the forms usable to plants. The humus produce by these microbes is largely responsible for soil fertility. </span>
Answer:It is this coupling of chemistry and movement that gives proteins the ... to place the protein in a particular location in the cell—an example is the SH2 ... At one level, the cell controls how many molecules of each enzyme it makes ... One of the best understood pump proteins is the calcium transport protein from muscle cells.
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