Can you please help

assume that life on Mars requires cell potential to be 100mV, and the extracellular concentrations of the three major species ar

svetlana [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

From the information given:

The cell potential on mars E = + 100 mV

By using Goldman's equation:

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF}In \Big (\dfrac{P_K[K^+]_{out}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{out}+P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{out} }{P_K[K^+]_{in}+P_{Na}[Na^+]_{in}+ P_{Cl}[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big )$

Let's take a look at the impermeable cell with respect to two species;

and the two species be Na⁺ and Cl⁻

$E_m = \dfrac{RT}{zF} In \dfrac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}}$

where;

z = ionic charge on the species = + 1

F = faraday constant

∴

$100 \times 10^{-3} = \Big (\dfrac{8.314 \times 298}{1\times 96485} \Big) \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$3.981= \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$exp ( 3.981) = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}} \\ \\ 53.57 = \dfrac{4}{[K^+]_{in}}$

$[K^+]_{in} = \dfrac{4}{53.57}$

$[K^+]_{in} = 0.0476$

For [Cl⁻]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = -0.0257 \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$-3.981 = \ \mathtt{In} \Big ( \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}} \Big)$

$0.01867 = \dfrac{120}{[Cl^-]_{in}}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} = \dfrac{120}{0.01867}$

$[Cl^-]_{in} =6427.4$

For [Na⁺]:

$100 \times 10^{-3} = 0.0257 \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$53.57= \Big ( \dfrac{145}{[Na^+]_{in}} \Big)$

$[Na^+]_{in}= 2.70$

6 0

2 years ago

A shadow of complete darkness is called the

mafiozo [28]

The umbra is the innermost and dark part of the shadow where like it’s created by any light source and is completely blocked by the occluding body. It’s a Latin term hope this helps man!

7 0

3 years ago

b. In 1979, the estimated elephant population was 1.3 million and in 2007 it was 640,000. By approximately what percentage did t

saveliy_v [14]

Answer:

The initial amount, 1.3 million = 1,300,000 is the 100%.

now, 640,000 is a given percentage (lower than 100%) of that.

How we can find it?

suppose that 640,000 represents an x%.

Then we have that the quotient between the actual quantities and the percentages must be the same

(640,000/1,300,000) = x%/100%

x% = (640,000/1,300,000)*100% = 49.23%

Then the percentage declined is:

100% - 49.23% = 50.77%

The other question can not be answered with the given information.

4 0

3 years ago

The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population is called the

Yanka [14]

Constatute...........

6 0

2 years ago

Describe the direction of dna replication and why that is important

vichka [17]

Answer: Roles of DNA polymerases and other replication enzymes. ... which require a template and a primer (starter) and synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction. ... Topoisomerase also plays an important maintenance role during DNA replication.

Explanation:

hard to explain

3 0

3 years ago