Question

The Carbonari projected a revolution in what state in 1820

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:SchneidIThe  convergence  of  revolutionary  liberal  and  conservative  nationalist  ideas  was  a  defining  characteristic  of  the  age  of  the  Risorgimento.  From  the  time  of  the  revolutions  of  1820–21,  revolutionary  sentiments  found  among  the  Carbonari  and  Federati  received  critical  backing  from  the  armed forces of restored Italian states. Revolutionaries demanding a con-stitution in the kingdoms of Naples and Piedmont-Sardinia gained enor-mous support, and achieved initial success with the backing of a significant part  of  the  armies  of  the  two  states.  Veterans  of  the  Napoleonic  Wars—who  had  remained  in  service  after  1815  when  the  dynastic  rulers  of  the  respective  kingdoms  regained  their  thrones—comprised  much  of  the  rank-and-file of the armies as well as their officers. The monarchs retained their  military  institutions  essentially  intact,  and  had  purged  few  officers  and  men.  Thus,  when  disturbances  erupted  in  Naples  in  1820,  King  Ferdinand IV found his authority challenged not only by civil unrest in his capital,  but  was  confronted  by  a  good  portion  of  his  army,  which  had  defected to the side of the opposition under General Guglielmo Pepe. The monarch reluctantly accepted a constitution, and then fled to Vienna.The  success  of  the  Neapolitan  revolution  encouraged  other  rebellions  throughout  the  Italian  peninsula.  In  the  Kingdom  of  Piedmont-Sardinia  revolutionaries  backed  by  eight  infantry  regiments  demanded  that  King  Victor  Emanuel  II  accept  a  constitution.  He  nonetheless  refused,  and  abdicated  in  favor  of  his  brother,  Charles  Felix.1  The  new  monarch  how-ever,  was  in  Modena  at  the  time  so  that  Charles  Albert  became  regent.  Charles Albert granted a constitution, but acted without the permission of the new king. Forces loyal to Charles Felix joined with an Austrian army, which had been dispatched from Lombardy-Venetia, and quickly cru