All three of these Jewish groups began in the Middle East, according to the map provided. You can see that they originate from areas near Egypt and Arabia. But over time, the Jews spread to different parts of the world such as the Roman Jews going to Italy whilst the Exile going to Mesopotamia and Egypt.
Unfortunately, I can't answer that last question as I don't know much information about the Torah or what role it played during that time period. I hope this helps you someway regardless! Good luck! :)
The draft would have influenced my everyday life the most because I would be out at war and not at home.
The Oregon Trail was used by emigrants from the East to venture a new life into the West. Thier belief that in the West lies their future is what kept them going on this trail. Harsh weather conditions, long days of walking, and exposure to different elements made the traverse along this trails so much harder. The idea of building a canal opened a lot of opportunities not only for these emigrants but also for the government. It allowed for better transportation and communication, especially during the Civil War. The story of the Oregon traverse is a monumental feat of linking the East to the West making a cultural impact on America.