Well, strictly speaking none of the options are correct.
This is a metaphor, and a metaphor for a country. It was originally applied in 1830s-1850s (within this period, we are not sure when) to what is today Turkey, but was known as the Ottoman Empire back then - so the answer is B.
recently it was used for Greece, too.
Germany Japan and Italy were called the axis powers in WWII
A. The rule of law is the central idea guiding many of the rights and judgment we follow today
A. The 1912 election of Theodore Roosevelt
Strategist, without strategy, this country would be a country