The answer is going to be B
The essence of open range was the free grazing of cattle on millions of unfenced acres of public land. It was possible to become wealthy raising cattle without owning any acreage. Although most ranchers owned a base operation, some owned millions of acres. America's open range started with the Civil War [1861-1865].
The Atlantic slave trade had a negative impact on the African societies and long term impoverishment of the west Africans. For some it intensified effects already present among its rulers and kingdoms
It would be the second choice - The significant event when Burgoyne marched through New York is when the Colonists cut down trees to slow Burgoyne's progress to Saratoga where he lost his entire army. <span>Burgoyne continued to march south, destroying American troops at Hubbardton and forcing the evacuation of Forts Anne and Edward. </span>
A. Emphasis on hard work
E. Penalties for fighting