Dynastic cycle (traditional Chinese: 朝代循環; simplified Chinese: 朝代循环; pinyin: Cháodài Xúnhuán) is an important political theory in the Chinese history. According to this theory, each dynasty in Chinese history, rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak and then, because of moral corruption, declines, loses the Mandate of Heaven, and falls, only to be replaced by a new dynasty. The cycle then repeats under a surface pattern of repetitive motifs.[1]
It sees a continuity in Chinese history from early times to the present by looking at the succession of empires or dynasties, implying that there is little basic development or change in social or economic structures.[2] John K. Fairbank expressed the doubts of many historians when he wrote that "the concept of the dynastic cycle... has been a major block to the understanding of the fundamental dynamics of Chinese history."[3]
Inequality is the belief that certain people are superior to others or the quality of being unequal. Freedom is the right to act,speak,or think as you desire without limits.Inequality is the opposite from freedom b/c freedom is for everyone meanwhile in inequality,where a person ranked,determined how much freedom they had
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1.Point of Operation
2.The Power Transmission Device
3.The Operating Controls
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In ancient China, the perennial challenges of ruling a very large territory , keeping cohesion and unity were already present and due to technological limitations, they were even bigger than they are today. In the kingdoms of ancient China, the feudal local lords, rich and powerful, had the real political power despite any sworn loyalty to the kings. The Zhou kings were kings but they did not control the feudal lords effectively, they were politically weak.
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Cesare Borgia, Duke of Valentinois, was an Italian condottiero, nobleman, politician, and cardinal with Aragonese origin.