Answer:
E) can usually make enough ATP for skeletal muscle function
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the main process by which cells obtain energy. During glycolysis, glucose is fully oxidized to obtain ATP, this is the 'fuel' for cellular function. Glycolysis is oxygen dependant, meaning that in order to successfully complete the process, enough oxygen must be available.
There are a few exceptions in which glycolysis is unable to provide enough ATP, an example is strenuous exercise. In this case the speed of oxygen consumption is very high, therefore at some point the oxygen intake is not enough. There are several mechanisms that regulate the production of ATP. In case of strenuous exercise, different process are activated to supply the cell with the necessary energy to keep on functioning.
Among the latter mentioned processes, there is anaerobic production of the oxidation of lactate, that does not require oxygen. Other example is the usage of creatine phosphate to obtain energy. Therefore, muscular cells have many ways of obtaining energy, but this secondary mechanisms are only activated in specific situations.
Answer:
Loss of electrons and hydrogen ions are generally involved in oxidation reactions in biological systems
Explanation:
The substrates involved in the oxidation reaction in biological systems often loss hydrogen ion detached from itself and thereafter an electron is removed. The substrates are then oxidized by the addition of oxygen to the substrates.
These processes are catalyzed by Oxidoreductases and oxidation takes place alongside with reduction.
Answer:
A mutation may be bad and good depending on the particular environmental conditions
Explanation:
For example, the falciform anemia is a hereditary disease caused by a mutation where the ability to transport oxygen of red blood cells is reduced; however, this genetic disorder is widespread in some African populations because it is a condition that confers resistance to falciparum malaria. In consequence, falciform anemia is a detrimental mutation that may also be beneficial in endemic malaria regions.
Moreover, it is important to note that the higher proportion of non-synonymous substitutions are not subject to selection (only a minor percentage are positively selected) because they are generally localized within non-coding regions, thereby having neutral status.
<span>solid triglycerides are called fats and liquid triglycerides are called oils. The carboxylic acid moieties involved in forming fats and oils are often referred to as <span>fatty acids</span></span>
