Duchenne muyscular dystrophy is caused by a mutation on the X chromosome, so a male gets it from his mother's X, if she is a carrier. The male child gets a Y and no X from his father, so the disease is always transmitted through the X from the mother. If a female gets Duchenne muscular dystrophy she has to have two X chromosomes, one from a carrier mother and another from from an affected father. This is virtually impossible because most males die before childbearing age and there is no way a female child can get an X from a man who does not live long enough to procreate. About eight percent of carrier women do show some muscle weakness, but they do not have the disease.
Answer and Explanation: In enzyme kinetics, one constant describing enzyme activity is <em>Maximal Velocity</em> (Vmax). It indicates how fast an enzyme can catalyze the reaction. It is dependent on substrate concentration.
As the muscle is an organ which needs a great amount of energy, the enzyme glycogen phosphorilase is very active on the organ, compared to the liver, where glicose is stored. So, the Vmax of glycogen phosphorylase expressed in muscle is faster than when expressed in the liver, means the enzyme in muscle has a bigger concentration of substrate and therefore will reach Vmax faster, i.e. will be significantly larger.
Since they are now able to genetically isolate favorable traits they can "clone" prize-winning livestock and make the production as efficient as possible
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