The answer to your question is the last option: choices A and B.
The correct answer is d. A conditioned response.
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian scientist interested in studying how digestion works in mammals. According to Pavlov, the dogs were demonstrating a conditioned response. He explained it like this: there's a neutral stimulus (the bell), which by itself will not produce a response, like salivation. There's also a non-neutral or unconditioned stimulus (the food), which will produce an unconditioned response (salivation).
This would be called aptitude or achievement
Answer:
The buying of goods in large quantities.
To keep patient calm. antianxiety, contact social services in that state, to verify insurance.