Criminal statistics usually categorise social groups according to religion, race, gender and class. But, why are certain groups of people systematically overrepresented in the criminal justice system? We do not assume the existence of a single criminal justice system or definition of crime : both vary across space and time, and levels of overrepresentation vary accordingly. Overrepresentation also suggests two types of problems : groups more likely to commit crime, and those more likely to be arrested. This pieces shows the multi-causality of overrepresentation. The first part argues that these groups are overrepresented because more likely to be arrested due to target policing, and the influence of the media in shaping public opinion (institutionalised racism). An intersectional approach only may fully explain which groups are most overrepresented. The second part attempts to understand higher risk levels for some groups, by exploring structural factors: different levels of inequality, linked to types of welfare states, embedded ideologies (neoliberalism) and approaches to crime and punishment (retributivist, utilitarian). Ultimately, overrepresentation of economically and socially excluded groups is higher in liberal welfare states like the Unites States, also fuelled by neoliberalism and a retributivist approach – the incarceration of those financially excluded from markets committing crime.
Answer: A.
Explanation:
A unitary state, or unitary government, is a governing system in which a single central government has total power over all of its other political subdivisions. A unitary state is the opposite of a federation, where governmental powers and responsibilities are divided.
It states that you have the right to an attorney
Answer:
<em>Tips </em>
Understand your loan. The first step to being a responsible borrower is doing your research. ...
Get organized. ...
Don't borrow more than you need. ...
Pay interest as it accrues. ...
Make payments on time. ...
Don't disappoint your cosigner. ...
Pay extra!
OR..
Start by building a solid foundation with your vendors. ...
Use a loan calculator. ...
Know your debt-to-income ratio. ...
Give yourself a financial cushion. ...
Draft a solid business plan. ...
Don't take the first offer. ...
Borrow only when you need to. ...
Make your payments on time!!!
what makes you a "responsible borrower?" <em>Being a responsible borrower is highly aligned with budgeting. </em>
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