Answer:
The genes are linked, and the arrangement is coupled (one homolog has both dominant alleles; the other homolog has both recessive alleles).
RY
/
ry
Explanation:
R_= colored aleurone
rr= colorless aeurone
Y_= green plant
yy= yellow plant
They do a testcross between a plant of unknown genotype and phenotype and a plant that is homozygous recessive for both traits (yr/yr) the following F1 is obtained:
- 88 Colored, green (RY/ry)
- 92 colorless, yellow (ry/ry)
- 8 colorless, green (rY/ry)
- 12 colored, yellow (Ry/ry)
If the genes assorted independently, all of the possible offspring phenotypes would appear in the same frequency. However, they obtained 2 phenotypes much more abundant that the other two. Since recombination is a rare event during crossing over, when two genes are linked the recombinant gametes are produced less frequently than the parentals.
We can propose that the phenotypes Colored, green (RY) and colorless yellow (ry) are the parental gametes, and the unknown plant has the arrangement RY/ry, with both genes linked.
D. Daddy daddy said you were coming to my grandma to get some food now I need a bottle for you tomorrow and I’ll come bye lol I need a little girl e.
If light strikes one receptor, the net effect is to excite the nearest bipolar cell and inhibit other bipolar cells to the side because of the contributions from horizontal cells.
<u>Explanation:</u>
On striking the receptor with light, the nearest bipolar cells respond to the light at the most inside the circumference. The bipolar cells which are outside the circumference responds least to the phenomena. Overall, the net effect thereby when seen, is to excite the nearest bipolar cells.
By the excitement of nearest bipolar cells, other farther cells are inhibited as a result as the horizontal cells are also excited and they contribute to inhibit the bipolar cells which are not near to the receptor cells in the eyes.
This information is not enough to tell which of the traits-blood group A or O is dominant.
It is known that blood groups A and B are codominant, which means both will express if found together in a heterozygote. However, blood group O is recessive. But from this information, you can conclude that blood group O is dominant. Why is that so?
Let's imagine that father's genotype is AA and mothers' genotype OO and cross them:
Parents: AA x OO
Offspring: AO AO AO AO
Since we have information that daughter has blood group O, we can conclude that O is dominant over A and mask it. This is not true! In this case, the daughter will have blood group A.
Mother's genotype surely is OO (because O allele is recessive, so to express a recessive trait both alleles must be recessive). But, the father cannot be AA, because it must give O allele to the daughter so she can have genotype OO and blood group O. So, the father's genotype is AO. Let's take a look at that crossing:
Parents: AO x OO
Offspring: AO AO OO OO
Thus, in this case, daughter can have genotype OO and blood group O.
