This individual has experienced structural mobility
Structural mobility:
It happens when societal changes enable a whole group of people to move up or down the social class ladder. Structural mobility is attributable to changes in society as a whole, not individual changes.
In the first half of the twentieth century, industrialization expanded the U.S. economy, raising the standard of living and leading to upward structural mobility. In today’s work economy, the recent recession and the outsourcing of jobs overseas have contributed to high unemployment rates. Many people have experienced economic setbacks, creating a wave of downward structural mobility.
When analyzing the trends and movements in social mobility, sociologists consider all modes of mobility. Scholars recognize that mobility is not as common or easy to achieve as many people think. In fact, some consider social mobility a myth.
What is structural social mobility ?
The concept of structural social mobility refers to change in the social position of many people due to changes in society itself.
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The numerator of the return on common stockholders' equity is net income minus preferred dividends.
Option d
<u>Explanation:</u>
Return on common stockholders' equity which is also named as return on equity (ROE) ratio evaluates the accomplishment of a company in resulting income for the benefit of common stakeholders.
<em>Use of return on equity:</em>
- Isolates common equity returns
- Can be used to evaluate dividends
- Evaluates the use of capital by the management
It is calculated by income available for stockholders divided by the total number of common stock and is expressed or represented in percentage. Income available for common stockholders can be arrived by reducing preference dividends from Net income.
That is, 
Hence, net income minus preferred dividends is the right answer.
Answer:
The correct answer is Geocentric.
Explanation:
According to administrative theory, Roberto presents a typical attitude of a geocentric manager, because he accepts the similarities and differences of national and foreign administrative policies, which allows him to find a balance with those practices that are most effective for the entity.
Otherwise it would be if he practiced an ethnocentric attitude, where he would discriminate the administrative practices of other countries, considering that those of his country of origin are superior, and that these can be exported at the same time as the goods and services of the organization.
Companies with interests abroad will probably have managers who have geocentric or ethnocentric perspectives. The geocentric attitude is the most convenient for managers of multinational companies, but it is also the most difficult to learn and accept.
