"The hotter an object is, the faster the motion of the molecules inside it. Thus, theheat<span> of an object is the total </span>energy<span> of all the molecular motion inside that object.</span>Temperature<span>, on the other hand, is a measure of the average </span>heat<span> or </span>thermal energy<span> of the molecules in a substance."</span>
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Active Transport and Passive Transport are similar because then both have nutrients, oxygen, water, and other essential molecules to the cells along with the elimination of waste products.
Ans.
Gene regulation or regulation of gene expression involves mechanisms, used by the cells to enhance or reduce the expression of specific genes to make proteins or RNA. Gene regulation occurs at transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level, which involves regulation at translational level or protein level.
Regulation at translational level or protein level is also important as regulation at transcriptional level. Translational regulation controls formation of proteins from mRNA molecules and includes non-coding mRNAs and repressor proteins. It is important for cell growth, differentiation and cellular response to stress and provides an immediate adjustment of gene expression by directly regulating the protein concentration.
Regulation at protein level involves regulation of active protein. It includes regulation by various small molecules, post-translational modifications (such as phosphorylation), and proteolysis. Regulation only at transcriptional level is not sufficient to provide proper gene regulation and leads to various drawbacks, such as Fragile X Syndrome (due to defect in a protein).
Thus, 'gene regulation is important both at transcriptional level and at post-transcriptional level (during translation or protein level).'
Answer: Las nefronas de los riñones procesan la sangre y crean orina a través de un proceso de filtración, reabsorción y secreción.
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