The scales or outer layer of an artichoke are called bracts
The amount of sleep you get is the independent variable because it does not depend on the scores on tests
I’d talk about how enzymes have that induced fit model. A substrate is unique to that specific enzyme. The substrate binds to the enzymes active site (or sometimes allosteric site) which in turn alters the conformation or shape of that particular enzyme
A new species can develop in just a few generations
A is the correct answer but if that’s not the right answer d is