A system called Khipus to record statistical info c:
Baroque accompaniment made up of a bass part together with numbers (figures) indicating the chords to be played above it. usually the basso continuo is played by two instruments, a keyboard plus a low melodic instrument.
The term that best completes the statement above would be "aria." It is a part of the opera wherein it expresses the music of the ensemble in such a way that it dictates the tone of the opera. It is usually accompanied by an instrument and it is not necessarily song by the opera singer.