Answer:
A civil society consists of citizens and groups in the public arena working outside the government such as NGO's, non profit groups and voluntary sectors.
The civil society aims to represent the interest of those who find it difficult to articulate and those whose voices are ignored and excluded. The civil society gets involved in the sense that they either contest the power of the state or come up with alternate ways of policy formation and provision of service (remember they play a very important role in policy formation).
Some civil society organizations primarily exist to aid the government to aid its delivery system by mobilizing people. Collaboration between a state and a civil society happens only when both sides are involved in all phases of the process of policy making, implementation and evolution. At formal level, they may take the form of advisory bodies and various forms of councils. However, at the informal level, it implies opening up of government activities to non-governmental actors through frequent interactions.
Globalization and IT revolution has created global networks of citizens, associations, advocacy groups and transnational NGO's that pressurize the national authorities to take notice of people's grievances and demands. For example, Greenpeace, Amnesty International, etc.
Explanation:
The correct answer is C) the communist takeover in Cuba in 1959.
The event that represented a threat to U.S. national security interests during the 1950s was the communist takeover in Cuba in 1959.
The Soviet Union presence in Cuba, supporting the leadership of Cuban leader Fidel Castro, represented a threat to U.S. national security interests in the region. Cuba is so close to the Florida peninsula, and the presence of the Soviet Union on the island of Cuba worried the US government so much. This was one of the tensest moments between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War years.
The Answer is Enforcement Acts
They were criminal codes which protected African-Americans’ right to vote, to hold office, to serve on juries, and receive equal protection of laws. Passed under the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant, the laws also allowed the federal government to intervene when states did not act to protect these rights.
