The Ancient Mayans developed the science of astronomy, calendar systems, and hieroglyphic writing. They were also known for creating elaborate ceremonial architecture, such as pyramids, temples, palaces, and observatories.
Answer:
1. to encourage new ways of thinking among some political leaders
2. gave rise to new political ideals
3. promoted an optimistic faith in the future
4. the trend toward secular attitudes in society
Explanation:
Can you further elaborate on this question what are you asking?
The right answer is the last one: transcendentalist thinkers. Transcendentalism was a philosophical, religious and literary movement that originated in the US (specifically as a reform movement within the Unitarian Church) approximately between 1836 and 1860. Based on Romanticism, Hinduism and Rationalism, transcendentalist thinkers believed in the capacity of each individual consciousness (without the need of religious mediators or ideas), in his/her purity, independence and self-reliance, which society and its institutions have corrupted.