The surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. If the cell grows beyond a certain limit not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume.
Hope that helps
Because evolution occurs when something happens, and the organism needs to adapt. Events aren't fixed, and they're definitely not random either
Answer:
a. preventing the cross-linkage of NAM subunits
Explanation:
The bacterial cell wall is made of peptidoglycan which is a polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) residues. The NAM residues are crosslinked to impart additional strength to the cell wall.
Most of the antibiotics that target the cell wall synthesis in bacteria inhibit the enzyme of transpeptidation which in turn cross-links the NAM residues of the polysaccharide chains of the bacterial cell wall. Examples of these antibiotics include penicillins and cephalosporins.
Answer:
The correct answer is - 1/41,493
Explanation:
Let assume the frequency of the two possible same allele genotype (dominant and recessive) in an inbred population is p and q. Then the frequency of heterozygotes (H) is denoted as:
2pq + 2pqF. ( where F is the inbreeding coefficient).
The frequency of the two different hoozygotes in inbred population can be calculated as:
p2 + pqF and q2 + pqF. (Where p and q are the allele frequency of the dominant and recessive phenotype.
Given: Frequency of Alkaptonuria (q 2) = 1:500, 000
=> q = 1/707
p = 706/707 ( Approx values)
solution:
Inbreeding coefficient (F) = 1/64
Therefore,
Frequency of Alkaptonuria in second cousins= q 2 + pqF
= 1/500, 000 + (706/707 x 1/707) x (1/64)
= 1/500, 000 + 1/45, 248
= 1/41,493 (approx)
Insulin Coma is not used today.
