1) James II, the Catholic, succeeded, as expected, Carlos (who had converted to Catholicism on his deathbed). Jacobo sought tolerance for Catholics, provoking the wrath of many Protestants.
2) A large majority opposed the decisions of James II to maintain a fickle and stable armada, to assign high political and military positions to Catholics, and to imprison Anglican clerics who revolted against the law.
3) As a result, a group of Protestant nobles and other prominent citizens known as the "Seven Immortals" encouraged the daughter of James II, Mary II and her husband William of Orange to dismiss the king.
4) Guillermo fulfilled, arriving in England on November 5, 1688, with great public support. Upon meeting the defection of many of his Protestant officers, Jacobo left power on December 23 of the same year.
5) On February 12, 1689, the Convention of the Parliament declared that the departure of the king supposed a resignation, and that William III and Maria II, and not the Catholic son of the monarch, Jacobo Francisco Estuardo, would be the sovereigns of England and Ireland . The Scottish Parliament (English, Scottish Estates) soon followed the same position.
6) The defeat of Jacobo is commonly known as the Glorious Revolution, and was one of the most important events in the evolution of parliamentary power.
7) The Bill of Rights of 1689 affirmed the supremacy of Parliament, and declared that the English retained certain rights, including the freedom not to pay tax contributions imposed without parliamentary consent. The Bill of Rights established that future monarchs should be Protestants, and that behind any son of the present monarchs, Maria's sister, Ana, would inherit the Crown.
8) María died without giving birth in 1694, leaving Guillermo III as the only monarch. Towards 1700 a political crisis took place, because all the children of princess Ana had passed away, leaving it alone in the line of succession. The Parliament, fearing that James II or his Catholic relatives would claim the throne, signed an Act of Establishment in 1701, which stated that the Protestant distant cousin of William III, Sofia of Hanover, would follow in the line of succession. The king dies shortly after the expedition of the Act, leaving the crown to his sister-in-law Ana.
