Question

Use the following table to answer the question:

Answer 1

Nucleotides from the DNA template strand complement the mRNA's codons. These codons code for amino acids. Option B is correct. CAA - CTA - TCG

What are nucleotids?

Nucleotides are monomers composed of a sugar molecule, joined with a phosphate group and a nitrogenated base.

Several nucleotides joint by their extremes compose the nucleic acids.

Nucleotides have a certain order or sequence in nucleic acids, which is significant since these sequences carry biological information neccesary to carry out cellular functions.

What are codons?

Codons are short sequences of three nucleotides that carry genetic information needed to build the protein. These units determine which amino acids are added to the growing chain during the assembly.

More than one codon might code for the same amino acid.

Different sequences of three nucleotides -codons- might code for a different amino acid. This means that the resulting proteins will not be the same, and they will accomplish different functions.

What are the template and coding strand?

When DNA molecule unwinds to be transcripted, two single strands get separated,

• The coding strand

It receives that name because it is the sequence that codes for each amino acid composing the proteins.

When referring to the coding strand, we are talking about the sequence that turns out to be the same as the mRNA that results from the transcription of the same DNI segment -switching bases T for U-.

• The template strand -complementary strand-

This is the one that is used during transcription to synthesize mRNA. The template strand is the one that is going to be complemented by the mRNA.

To get to know the sequence of nucleotides in the template strand that code for the polypeptide sequence val-asp-ser, firts we need to know which codons code for these amino acids.

1)

Amino acid            Codon

Val                          GUU, GUC, GUA, GUG

Asp                         GAU, GAC

Ser                          UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU, AGC

These are all the possible codons in mRNA that might code for these amino acids. Now, we need to identify their complementary bases on the template strand.

2)

mRNA        Template strand

GUU                  CAA

GUC                  CAG

GUA                   CAT

GUG                  CAC    

GAU                   CTA

GAC                   CTG    

UCU                   AGA

UCC                   AGG

UCA                   AGT

UCG                   AGC

AGU                   TCA

AGC                   TCG  

The column of the right shows all the possible nucleotides that might complement the mRNA codons. There are several combinations. Now, we need to choose among the options the correct combination.

3)

Options A and  D  ⇒  guu-gau-agc and caa-cua-ucg

These are not the correct options since they carry uracils instead of thymines. Remember that DNA molecules have thymine, and RNA molecules have uracil.

Option C ⇒ gtt-gat-agc

This is not correct since these sequences do not complement the mRNA codons.

Option B ⇒ caa-cta-tcg

This is correct. You can find these nucleotide sequences among the options written before for the template strand.

Option B) CAA - CTA - TCG is the correct one.

You can learn more about template strand at

brainly.com/question/17082634

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