Vaccines are a boon in eradicating various lethal diseases and increase the immunity of the people. The development of vaccines started with the understanding the cell itself, various pathways that regulate its fate. The immunology, a branch of biological science, gave the idea of the working of the defense or the immune system of the body, and of the various specia cells that function for it. This led us to the discovery of antibodies and antigens. Vaciines are artificial means of injecting antigens into the body to generate antibodies beforehand, so that the immune system remembers producing it at the time disease causing agent strikes us.
Thus, we can summarise that STEM research or core science research has led to innovations that have shaped our lives and lifestyle to contribute to an overall good social health.
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Homologous structures can be described structures which originate in different organisms from a common ancestor and may or may not have the same functions.
Zeuglodons can be described as ancient whales and Orca is a common whale today known as the killer whale.
<u><em>Scientific studies show that Zeuglodans and Orca have many structures in common such as:</em></u>
- <u><em>Having teeth with two roots</em></u>
- <u><em>The presence of nostrils</em></u>
- <u><em>Pelvis and internal femur bones</em></u>
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Trace minerals are those minerals which we need in lesser amount for our body which includes iron, copper, zinc, cobalt, selenium etc.
hope it helps!
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i think it is the 3rd one
The phase contrast microscope uses out-of-phase and in-phase light rays that produce contrast areas allowing scientists to detect even a minute number of protein molecules and focus on the minute internal structures of a particle.
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