France, Italy, Los Angeles, and Spain
art that does not portray figures or objects; art without real models or subject ... on formal elements (the visual elements, design principles) to carry its message ... elements, such as a line, shape, color, texture, that are used by artists to create imagery ... using a series of closely spaced parallel lines to achieve a similar effect.
Social protest is usually executed by the general population. It is intended to create awareness of an issues or several issues in order to increase support and further change. Political motive is what drives politicians and leaders to instill changes or take positions on subjects in order to further their power.
your answer should be b. 8-14 my friend