A historian using the thinking skill of primary source analysis might try to "get in the mindset" of the writer or speaker of the source in question, in order to gain more insight into their life and environment.
Latin. It's considered the root of common languages including Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and French. That's why they all sound so familiar.
Because Japan refused to surrender causing the Pacific war to drag on and the United States offered a unconditional surrender known as the Potsdam declaration and said if they didn’t agree to it they would face the alternative of prompt and utter destruction and Japan ignored it