This figure illustrates 3 hypotheses of how a cancer stem cell may arise: (1) A stem cell undergoes a mutation, (2) A progenitor cell undergoes two or more mutations, or (3) A fully differentiated cell undergoes several mutations that drive it back to a stem-like state.
Answer:
Explanation:
can be observed and measured without changing composition (just say comp.), are used to observe and describe
Answer:
A. anaerobic respiration in muscle cells, forming lactic acid
Explanation:
Running marathon is a vigorous exercise, which often leads to excessive use of oxygen in the cells of the athlete. This causes the cells to switch from the aerobic (with oxygen) to the anaerobic (without oxygen) mode of respiration. This anaerobic respiration produces a product called LACTATE OR LACTIC ACID.
The lactic acid becomes excessive and gets stored in the muscle cells of the athlete. This often leads to cramps, muscle pulls etc. during the marathon. Therefore, an individual running a marathon may experience periods of oxygen deprivation that can lead to anaerobic respiration in muscle cells, forming lactic acid.
