<u>External</u> validity is the extent to which findings may be generalized, while <u>internal </u>validity refers to the ability to infer that there is a causal relationship between variables.
Internal validity is the degree to which the observed effect can be reliably attributed to the independent variable. Internal validity is attained if only the independent variable(s) are responsible for the dependent variable's effect. This is the level of manipulation that can be applied to a result. In other words, internal validity is a measure of how well your research "works" in a research environment. Does the variable you alter inside a particular study have an impact on the variable you're examining?
The term "external validity" describes how far a study's findings can be extrapolated from the sample. Which means you may use the information you learn to make adjustments for different scenarios and people. Consider this as the extent to which a result can be generalized. How well do the research findings translate to the rest of the world? A controlled environment with fewer variables is a laboratory setting (or other research setting). The term "external validity" describes how well the findings stand up in the presence of all those other variables.
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