Meme: A photo on the internet that is supposed to be humorous.
A parallel sentence mentions the same grammatical expression twice. I would go with "D". 'Passed' and 'Demonstrated' are both past tense words that express the same past tense grammatical idea.
If you have more questions, feel free to ask me.
Which is an example of an emotional cost of violence on society as a whole?
possible criminal record
tendency to replay the event over and over
billions of dollars in healthcare costs