A population of 20,000 individuals is surveyed and found to be composed of 9,800 individuals with blond hair and 10,200 with brown hair. The allele for blond hair "b" is recessive to the allele for brown hair "B". Assuming Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the frequency of the Bb genotype in the population is 42%.
<h3>What is Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?</h3>
Hardy Weinberg law states that,
“In a large, random-mating population, the genotype and allele frequencies remain constant in the absence of any evolutionary influences from one to another generation. Influences are inclusive of a choice of mate, natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, sexual selection, gene flow, genetic hitchhiking, founder effect, meiotic drive, population bottleneck, inbreeding and assortative mating.”
Application of Hardy Weinberg equilibrium,
- The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a mathematical criterion of a population that is non-evolving which can be compared to evolving populations.
- The law offers a prototype which is typically used as a point of origination to study the population genetics of diploid entities, which fulfil the fundamental assumption of random mating, large population, no mutation, migration or selection.
- Allele frequencies can be detected in the presence of complete dominance when Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium prevails wherein it is not possible to differentiate between two genotypes.
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