I would say the North European Plain, near Moscow and St. Petersburg
The Equator separates the Northern and Southern Hemisphere.
The Prime Meridian separates the Western and Eastern Hemisphere.
And that is how you can tell the differences between the Equator and Prime Meridian.
Oceanography is the study of the ocean and the cryosphere are the portions of the earth that are just frozen water (ice). When fresh water glaciers melt, they lower the salt levels in the ocean and and oceanographer studies that and makes sure that it wont have too much of an effect. The cryosphere plays a significant role in the global climate.