A calculator is slower and needs more human assistance
Answer:
Reference
Explanation:
Variables provide reference to the stored data value.
For example:
int i = 0;
Here i is a variable of type int with an initial value of 0. i is a reference to this stored value 0. Now if I want to update the data, I can do so using this reference.
i = 1;
Now the reference is used to manipulate the stored data and change it to 1. In a similar manner all updates to the value can be done using the variable reference.
Answer:
Giving that: The following is a sequence of undo-log records written by 2 transactions T and U:
< START T >;
< T,A,10 >;
< START U >;
< U, B, 20 >;
< T, C, 30 >;
< U, D, 40 >;
< Commit U >;
< T, E, 50 >;
< Commit T >;
1. < START U >
Recovery action in this case will be undo(-1) and undo(0). All restored to its original Value
log records < T, A, 10 >, < T, abort >; as written out
2. < T, E, 50 >
Recovery action in this case will be undo(8) and redo(0). A and C is restored to its original value, B and D are set to 20 and 40
log records <T, C, 30 >, < T, A, 10 >, < T, abort > are written out
3. < Commit T >
Recovery action in this case will be redo(7) and redo(4). A and C are set to 10 and 30, B and D are set to 20 and 40
Answer:
123456789098765432
Explanation:
asdfghjklokjhgfdsasertyujn nbgfdfvbnjujhgvfcdec vgfredfghjmk
