Foliation is much better developed in most schists and gneiss than in most quartzites and marbles.
The major contrast between schist and gneiss is that schist is made of mudstone or shale, whereas gneiss is made of micas, chlorite, or other platy minerals. While Marble and quartzite the major difference is that marble is composed of calcite whereas quartzite is composed of quartz.
Schist is identified by its flat and large sheet-like grains it also has flat and elongated minerals such as talc or micas. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock formed by changing schist, granite, or volcanic rocks through intense heat and pressure. Gneiss is foliated, which means that it has layers of lighter and darker minerals.
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