The process to break dormancy by opening the seed coat so that water can enter is scarification.
In order to promote the sprouting, seeds are scarified, which weakens their coating. This is called scarification. A seed's shell can be broken mechanically, which is the most popular method for doing this.
Some seeds are hardened in order to keep them from sprouting in unfavorable weather conditions. Early germination can be fatal for a tiny, defenseless sprout in specific environments and circumstances.
Before they even have a chance to survive, seeds may sprout and perish if their innards are exposed to water at the incorrect moment, such as just before winter. Some seeds' tough shell makes sure that they sprout when they need to in order to survive.
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