Answer:
OH, H2O2 and O−2
Explanation:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be defined as highly reactive chemical compounds formed from molecular oxygen (O2). ROS are generated as a normal product of cellular metabolism, and also as a response to different environmental/internal cellular stimuli (e.g., cytokines, xenobiotics, pathogenic invasion). For example, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are a type of ROS generated in the mitochondria which are capable of inducing oxidative stress in different cells and also trigger chronic inflammation. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules represent another type of ROS which are produced during the stereoselective deamination of amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. These molecules (H2O2) exhibit toxic effects on the cell (e.g., DNA damage). Finally, singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excited state of molecular oxygen (O2) that is generated during photosynthesis in the photosystem II (PSII) of chloroplasts.
Answer:
Greenhouse gases absorb radiation from the EARTH and reradiate back toward the EARTHwhich help to maintain a normal temperature range in the Earth.
Explanation:
Greenhouse gases are gases that are capable to of absorbing infrared radiations that are emitted from the Earth's surface and reradiating back to the Earth which contributed to the greenhouse effects. Examples of greenhouse gases are carbondioxide, methane and water vapour. Others are ozones, flourinated gases, nitrous oxides e.t.c.
The green house gases has lead to climate changes in the Earth by trapping heat, the contribute to respiratory diseases by smog and air pollution. Greenhouse gases concentrations are high during warm seasons and low during cold seasons.
Answer:
Well I believe mitosis is the reproduction of 2 cells, while meiosis is 4 cells
Consequently plant roots will get more moisture with less effort. It also improves soil structure due to alternate drying and cooling and soil aeration which helps in multiplication of micro-organisms. This is the reason that farmers plough their field during summer. These are reasons why farmers plough their fields during the summer.
Hope this helps! :3
~Kana ^^
<span>The tundra and the desert are very similar in one important way. Each of these biomes has low rainfall and available water, this results in plants in each environment that have adapted in similar ways. It causes these plants to have a waxy coating on the leaves which aids in preventing them from drying out.</span>
