4th option: Stop the spread of communism to nations.
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Explanation: John Adams, a Federalist, was the second president of the United States. He served from 1797-1801.
John Adams's presidency was marked by conflicts between the two newly-formed political parties: the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.
The conflicts between the two political parties centered on foreign policy and the balance of power between the federal government and the states' governments.
<span>Europe’s increasing global power
between 1500 and 1900, was caused by factors both internal to Europe as well as
external. Internal factors include the Renaissance, Reformation demographic
changes such as increase in population and economic changes particularly the
industrial revolution. External factors include the decline of the Ottoman
empires and raw materials obtained from colonies </span>