Answer:
Nationalism is an ideology or worldview in which national identity is crucial for the formation and survival of a sovereign state. According to some nationalists, for members of one nation the relationship to the nation is more important than any other element of personal or collective identity and any other relationship of loyalty.
In the 20th century, nationalist leaders aimed to provide decent living conditions for broad sections of the people of their nations. Now, this situation, strengthened after the First World War, was taken over by right-wing totalitarian ideologies. Therefore, nationalism in various manifestations of fascism became an inseparable part of these ideologies, that build a vision of universal ideological unity of the people, one-party rule, militarism and statism.
Thus, Nazism made use of these tools (the fragility of the Weimar Republic, the hyperinflation in Germany, the growing poverty of its population and the discontent after the Treaty of Versailles) to promote an exacerbated nationalism that culminated in the development of ideas totalitarian within the German people itself.
Answer:
O. Periodic appointments would destroy a judge's independence.
Explanation:
Alexander Hamilton wrote in his "Federalist Papers No. 78" how the independence of judges is important for the security of everyone. Stating that <em>"the general liberty of the people can never be endangered .... so long as the judiciary remains truly distinct from both the legislature and the Executive"</em>. He further went to demand that <em>"independence of the judges is equally requisite to guard the Constitution and the rights of individuals"</em>. He believes that independence of the judiciary from either the legislative or executive is a much needed act, for it will ensure the right and correct implementation of judgement. He proposed that <em>"complete independence of the courts of justice is peculiarly essential in a limited Constitution"</em>.
Moreover, judges' permanent appointment will ensure the rightful passing of judgement which can be flawed if the judges are appointed periodically. For no two persons are the same, so this may lead to differences in opinions which will lead to the former judgement being recanted by the next person appointed. Thus, he opines that <em>"periodical appointments, however regulated, or by whomsoever made, would, in some way or other, be fatal to their necessary independence"</em>.
Thus, the correct answer is the third option.
It created the authority to create federal reserve notes.
Four African Americans Served in U.S. Congress in 1959; Now There Are Many More
The Supreme Court here in Roe v. Wade used the compelling interest test.
To put it simply the compelling interest test is used by the court, federal or state, to check the if the law is constitutionally valid. In the Roe v. Wade case the Supreme Court had to see if the right to privacy of the 14th Amendment is applied to abortion and they decided it did. They used the compelling interest test to balance this with the state's interest in the welfare of women and the potential human life that is the baby. So the court limited state's regulations on abortion.
