When the parties diverge from one another and their platforms become more distant or dissimilar, this is called <u>Political polarization.</u>
Political polarization occurs when the ideologies and attitudes of parties increasingly diverge from one another, towards ideological extremes.
This usually applies in democracies where political parties compete for power. It may include two-party systems like the US or multi-party systems like India.
Polarization may occur in terms of divergence in policy platforms (such as conservatives and liberal), or other divisions such as secular versus religious, nationalists versus cosmopolitans, capitalists versus socialists, etc.
Polarization may occur as part of the strategy of certain parties to gain political power through appealing to the emotions of voters, or the role of media and public discussions, or even external events like the migration crisis.
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