The Sumerians invented the first writing system. People needed a way to keep track of business transactions, ownership rights, and government records as Sumerian towns grew into cities. Around 3300 BC, the Sumerians began to keep records on clay tablets with picture symbols.
Cuneiform writing was used to record a wide range of information, including temple activities, commerce, and trade. Cuneiform was also used to record stories, myths, and personal correspondence.
Cuneiform appears to have been invented by the Sumerians for the mundane purpose of keeping accounts and records of business transactions, but it eventually evolved into a full-fledged writing system used for everything from poetry and history to law codes and literature.
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