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C.... Independently rules, so not a kingdom (many cities), not a civilization (multiple cities), and not empire for the same reason.
The law of segregation is Mendel's law which explains that traits are passed from parents to offspring individually instead of as pairs, groups or sets. However, this law and the laws mentioned above, minus the principle of genetics, are all part of Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment.
Except the Us postal service